Device 对象用于描述用户当前进行交互所使用的设备的相关信息。设备信息涵盖其硬件、平台、地理位置（location）以及运营商（carrier）相关数据。此处所述的设备可以指代移动电话（mobile handset）、台式计算机、机顶盒（set top box）或其他数字设备。译稿校对中ENThis object provides information pertaining to the device through which the user is interacting. Device information includes its hardware, platform, location, and carrier data. The device can refer to a mobile handset, a desktop computer, set top box, or other digital device.
| Attribute | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| geo | object | 设备的位置，假定为用户当前位置，由 Geo 对象（参见第 3.2.19 节）定义。译稿校对中ENLocation of the device assumed to be the user’s current location defined by a Geo object (Section 3.2.19). |
| dnt | integer | 请勿追踪（Do Not Track，DNT）标准标志，由浏览器在请求头中设置：0 = 追踪不受限制，1 = 请勿追踪。译稿校对中ENStandard “Do Not Track” flag as set in the header by the browser, where 0 = tracking is unrestricted, 1 = do not track. |
| lmt | integer | 限制广告追踪（Limit Ad Tracking，LAT）信号，由商业平台背书（commercially endorsed，如 iOS、Android）：0 = 追踪不受限制，1 = 须按商业平台指引限制追踪。译稿校对中EN“Limit Ad Tracking” signal commercially endorsed (e.g., iOS, Android), where 0 = tracking is unrestricted, 1 = tracking must be limited per commercial guidelines. |
| ua | string | 浏览器用户代理（User Agent）字符串，即来自浏览器的原始 UA 字符串。为向后兼容，只要能从终端用户设备获取，建议交易平台始终以 User-Agent 字符串填充 ua，即使已使用 User-Agent Client-Hints 等替代表达填充 sua；本字段不应包含推测或近似的用户代理。若客户端支持 User-Agent Client-Hints 且请求中存在 sua 字段，建议竞价方在检测设备类型、浏览器类型与版本等依赖 UA 信息的用途时以 sua 为准、忽略 ua——因为 ua 可能包含被冻结（frozen）或精简（reduced）的用户代理字符串。译稿校对中ENBrowser user agent string. This field represents a raw user agent string from the browser. For backwards compatibility, exchanges are recommended to always populate ua with the User-Agent string, when available from the end user’s device, even if an alternative representation, such as the User-Agent Client-Hints, is available and is used to populate sua. No inferred or approximated user agents are expected in this field.If a client supports User-Agent Client Hints, and sua field is present, bidders are recommended to rely on sua for detecting device type, browser type and version and other purposes that rely on the user agent information, and ignore ua field. This is because the ua may contain a frozen or reduced user agent string. |
| sua | object | 结构化用户代理信息，由 UserAgent 对象（参见第 3.2.29 节）定义。若竞价请求中 ua 与 sua 同时存在，应视 sua 为设备属性的更准确表达——因为 ua 可能包含被冻结或精简的用户代理字符串。译稿校对中ENStructured user agent information defined by a UserAgent object (see Section 3.2.29). If both ua and sua are present in the bid request, sua should be considered the more accurate representation of the device attributes. This is because the ua may contain a frozen or reduced user agent string. |
| ip | string | 距离设备最近的 IPv4 地址。译稿校对中ENIPv4 address closest to device. |
| ipv6 | string | 距离设备最近的 IP 地址（IPv6 格式）。译稿校对中ENIP address closest to device as IPv6. |
| devicetype | integer | 设备大类。参见 AdCOM 1.0 列表：设备类型（List: Device Types）。译稿校对中ENThe general type of device. Refer to List: Device Types in AdCOM 1.0.枚举 Device Types · 8 个值1Mobile/Tablet - General 2Personal Computer 3Connected TV 4Phone 5Tablet 6Connected Device 7Set Top Box 8OOH Device |
| make | string | 设备制造商（如 “Apple”）。译稿校对中ENDevice make (e.g., “Apple”). |
| model | string | 设备型号（如 “iPhone”）。译稿校对中ENDevice model (e.g., “iPhone”). |
| os | string | 设备操作系统（如 “iOS”）。译稿校对中ENDevice operating system (e.g., “iOS”). |
| osv | string | 操作系统版本（Operating System Version，如 “3.1.2”）。译稿校对中ENDevice operating system version (e.g., “3.1.2”). |
| hwv | string | 硬件版本（Hardware Version，如 iPhone 5S 对应 “5S”）。译稿校对中ENHardware version of the device (e.g., “5S” for iPhone 5S). |
| h | integer | 屏幕物理高度，单位为像素。译稿校对中ENPhysical height of the screen in pixels. |
| w | integer | 屏幕物理宽度，单位为像素。译稿校对中ENPhysical width of the screen in pixels. |
| ppi | integer | 屏幕尺寸，以每线性英寸像素数（Pixels Per Inch）表示。译稿校对中ENScreen size as pixels per linear inch. |
| pxratio | float | 物理像素与设备无关像素（device independent pixels，DIPS）的比值。译稿校对中ENThe ratio of physical pixels to device-independent pixels (DIPS). |
| js | integer | 是否支持 JavaScript：0 = 否，1 = 是。译稿校对中ENSupport for JavaScript, where 0 = no, 1 = yes. |
| geofetch | integer | 指示 banner 广告中运行的 JavaScript 代码是否可以使用地理位置 API（geolocation API）：0 = 否，1 = 是。译稿校对中ENIndicates if the geolocation API will be available to JavaScript code running in the banner, where 0 = no, 1 = yes. |
| flashver | string | 浏览器支持的 Flash 版本。译稿校对中ENVersion of Flash supported by the browser. |
| language | string | 浏览器语言，采用 ISO-639-1-alpha-2 编码。language 与 langb 只应出现其一。译稿校对中ENBrowser language using ISO-639-1-alpha-2. Only one of language or langb should be present. |
| langb | string | 浏览器语言，采用 IETF BCP 47。language 与 langb 只应出现其一。译稿校对中ENBrowser language using IETF BCP 47. Only one of language or langb should be present. |
| carrier | string | 运营商或互联网服务提供商（ISP）（如 “VERIZON”）。取值为交易平台（exchange）预先整理（curated）的字符串名称，该名称列表应事先（a priori）向竞价方公布。译稿校对中ENCarrier or ISP (e.g., “VERIZON”) using exchange curated string names which should be published to bidders a priori. |
| mccmnc | string | 以移动国家码–移动网络码（MCC–MNC）拼接编码表示的移动运营商（如 “310-005” 标识美国的 Verizon Wireless CDMA 网络）。更多示例参见 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_country_code。注意：MCC 与 MNC 两部分之间的连字符为必需，用于消除解析歧义。MCC-MNC 取值表示设备中安装的 SIM，设备漫游时不变；漫游可结合 MCC-MNC、geo、IP 及其他数据信号推断。译稿校对中ENMobile carrier as the concatenated MCC-MNC code (e.g., “310-005” identifies Verizon Wireless CDMA in the USA). Refer to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_country_code for further examples. Note that the dash between the MCC and MNC parts is required to remove parsing ambiguity. The MCC-MNC values represent the SIM installed on the device and do not change when a device is roaming. Roaming may be inferred by a combination of the MCC-MNC, geo, IP and other data signals. |
| connectiontype | integer | 网络连接类型。参见 AdCOM 1.0 列表：连接类型（List: Connection Types）。译稿校对中ENNetwork connection type. Refer to List: Connection Types in AdCOM 1.0. |
| ifa | string | 广告主用标识符（Identifier for Advertisers，IFA），经平台许可供广告主使用，以明文（in the clear，即未经哈希处理）传递。除非买卖双方已直接事先约定，否则本字段的取值应为调用设备操作系统提供的广告 API 所获得的 ID。译稿校对中ENID sanctioned for advertiser use in the clear (i.e., not hashed) Unless prior arrangements have been made between the buyer and the seller directly, the value in this field is expected to be an ID derived from a call to an advertising API provided by the device’s Operating System. |
| didsha1 deprecated · 2.6 | string | 已自 OpenRTB 2.6 起弃用。译稿校对中ENDeprecated as of OpenRTB 2.6. |
| didmd5 deprecated · 2.6 | string | 已自 OpenRTB 2.6 起弃用。译稿校对中ENDeprecated as of OpenRTB 2.6. |
| dpidsha1 deprecated · 2.6 | string | 已自 OpenRTB 2.6 起弃用。译稿校对中ENDeprecated as of OpenRTB 2.6. |
| dpidmd5 deprecated · 2.6 | string | 已自 OpenRTB 2.6 起弃用。译稿校对中ENDeprecated as of OpenRTB 2.6. |
| macsha1 deprecated · 2.6 | string | 已自 OpenRTB 2.6 起弃用。译稿校对中ENDeprecated as of OpenRTB 2.6. |
| macmd5 deprecated · 2.6 | string | 已自 OpenRTB 2.6 起弃用。译稿校对中ENDeprecated as of OpenRTB 2.6. |
| ext | object | 供交易平台对 OpenRTB 进行专属扩展（exchange-specific extensions）的占位对象。译稿校对中ENPlaceholder for exchange-specific extensions to OpenRTB. |
译注
译者注Device：BidRequest 的子对象，描述用户交互所用设备的硬件、平台、位置与运营商数据；业内文档一般保留英文对象名 Device，可指移动电话、台式计算机、机顶盒（CTV 常见）或其他数字设备。译稿校对中
ua 冻结与 sua 优先级：主流浏览器已实施 UA 冻结/精简（UA reduction），ua 字符串的信息量持续下降；2.6 明确建议：ua 与 sua 并存时以 sua（结构化 UserAgent 对象，源自 UA Client-Hints）为准。存量解析器应升级设备指纹逻辑，避免依赖已冻结的 ua 版本串。译稿校对中
六个硬件/平台标识字段弃用：didsha1/didmd5（硬件设备 ID）、dpidsha1/dpidmd5（平台设备 ID）、macsha1/macmd5（MAC 地址）自 2.6 起全部弃用——操作系统隐私限制（iOS ATT、Android 隐私沙盒）已使其实际不可得；设备级标识应转向 ifa（合规前提下）与 eids 身份生态。译稿校对中
ifa 的实践约束：ifa 取值应来自操作系统广告 API（iOS 的 IDFA、Android 的 GAID）；iOS 14.5+ 后须经 ATT 授权，未授权时通常为空值或零值串，买方不应将其缺失误判为数据质量问题。译稿校对中
dnt vs lmt：dnt 源自浏览器 DNT 头（Web 侧通用信号）；lmt 是移动操作系统层面的限制追踪开关（iOS Limit Ad Tracking、Android 退出广告个性化）。二者来源不同，不可混用；ATT 语境下 lmt 常与 ifa 可用性联动判断。译稿校对中
mccmnc 的漫游判读：MCC-MNC 表示 SIM 归属网络而非当前所在网络，设备漫游时不变；结合 geo/IP 与 MCC-MNC 的不一致可推断漫游状态，对地域定向与反欺诈均有价值。译稿校对中
pxratio 与创意适配：即业界常说的设备像素比（DPR）；与 h/w（物理像素）配合可换算逻辑分辨率，用于创意素材适配。译稿校对中
字段描述收录自 IAB Tech Lab OpenRTB 2.6 官方规范（CC-BY 3.0）· 枚举值来源 AdCOM 1.0 · 初稿校对中