ORTB
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User§3.2.20 · Bid Request

该对象包含关于设备背后真实用户(即广告受众)的已知或推导信息。用户 id 是交易平台(exchange)的产物,可能受轮换或其他隐私策略约束;但当存在时,该用户 ID 应足够稳定,方能合理地作为频控(frequency capping)与重定向(retargeting)的基础。译稿校对中ENThis object contains information known or derived about the human user of the device (i.e., the audience for advertising). The user id is an exchange artifact and may be subject to rotation or other privacy policies. However, when present, this user ID should be stable long enough to serve reasonably as the basis for frequency capping and retargeting.

AttributeTypeDescription
id
string交易平台(exchange)专用的用户 ID。除非买卖双方已直接事先约定,否则本字段的取值应为交易平台自身 cookie 中的用户 ID。译稿校对中ENExchange-specific ID for the user.
Unless prior arrangements have been made between the buyer and the seller directly, the value in this field is expected to be the exchange’s user ID from its cookie.
buyeruid
string由交易平台为买家(buyer)映射的买家专用用户 ID。除非买卖双方已直接事先约定,否则本字段的取值应源自 ID 同步(ID sync,参见附录:基于 Cookie 的 ID 同步)。译稿校对中ENBuyer-specific ID for the user as mapped by the exchange for the buyer.
Unless prior arrangements have been made between the buyer and the seller directly, the value in this field is expected to be derived from an ID sync. (see Appendix: Cookie Based ID Syncing)
yob
deprecated · 2.6
integer已自 OpenRTB 2.6 起弃用。译稿校对中ENDeprecated as of OpenRTB 2.6.
gender
deprecated · 2.6
string已自 OpenRTB 2.6 起弃用。译稿校对中ENDeprecated as of OpenRTB 2.6.
keywords
string关于用户的关键词、兴趣或意图列表,以逗号分隔。keywords 与 kwarray 只能出现其一。译稿校对中ENComma separated list of keywords, interests, or intent. Only one of keywords or kwarray may be present.
kwarray
string[]关于用户的关键词数组。keywords 与 kwarray 只能出现其一。译稿校对中ENArray of keywords about the user. Only one of keywords or kwarray may be present.
customdata
string可选特性,用于向竞价方传递事先写入交易平台 cookie 中的数据。字符串须采用 base85 cookie 安全字符,格式不限;如需包含转义的引号,必须使用规范的 JSON 编码。译稿校对中ENOptional feature to pass bidder data that was set in the exchange’s cookie. The string must be in base85 cookie safe characters and be in any format. Proper JSON encoding must be used to include “escaped” quotation marks.
geo
object用户常驻地的位置,由 Geo 对象(参见第 3.2.19 节)定义。注意:这不一定是其当前位置。译稿校对中ENLocation of the user’s home base defined by a Geo object (Section 3.2.19). This is not necessarily their current location.
data
object[]附加用户数据。每个 Data 对象(参见第 3.2.21 节)代表一个不同的数据源。译稿校对中ENAdditional user data. Each Data object (Section 3.2.21) represents a different data source.
eids
object[]支持多个第三方身份提供者(identity providers)标准协议的详情(参见第 3.2.27 节)。译稿校对中ENDetails for support of a standard protocol for multiple third party identity providers (Section 3.2.27).
ext
object供交易平台对 OpenRTB 进行专属扩展(exchange-specific extensions)的占位对象。译稿校对中ENPlaceholder for exchange-specific extensions to OpenRTB.

译注

译者注

User 在 2.6 中的演进:yob/gender 人口属性字段弃用;keywords 增加数组形态 kwarray;consent(TCF 同意字符串)与 eids(第三方身份标准协议)成为规范级字段——整体方向是隐私合规与身份生态的标准化。译稿校对中

yob / gender 弃用的合规背景:出生年份与性别属隐私敏感属性,2.6 起正式弃用;业界已转向通过受众分群(Data/Segment)表达年龄段/性别定向。存量系统解析时可容忍旧字段,但新流量不应再依赖。译稿校对中

keywords 与 kwarray 互斥:二者只能出现其一;新接入建议使用 kwarray,数组形态避免了逗号分隔带来的转义与截断歧义。译稿校对中

consent 的实践要求:GDPR 适用流量下,consent 承载 TCFv2 同意字符串,应与 Regs.gdpr 配套传递;缺少同意字符串时个性化处理(重定向、用户画像)存在合规风险。业界正转向 Regs.gpp(GPP)统一承载,consent 作为 TCFv2 兼容通道仍广泛在用。译稿校对中

eids 的身份生态定位EID 对象(第 3.2.27 节)以标准格式承载多个第三方身份提供者的用户标识(如 UID2、ID5 等);无 cookie 环境下是跨方身份匹配的主通道,各身份的可靠性以 atype/rating 等元数据区分,使用时应优先采信高置信度来源。译稿校对中

id vs buyeruid:id 是交易平台级用户标识(交易平台产物,可能受轮换/隐私策略影响);buyeruid 是交易平台为特定买家映射的 ID,通常源自 ID 同步。二者至少传其一;id 必须足够稳定,方可作为频控与重定向的依据。译稿校对中

geo(User 挂载):User.geo 表示用户常驻地(home base),不一定是其当前位置,与 Device.geo(设备位置,可近似理解为用户当前位置)语义有别,两处不可混用。译稿校对中

字段描述收录自 IAB Tech Lab OpenRTB 2.6 官方规范(CC-BY 3.0)· 枚举值来源 AdCOM 1.0 · 初稿校对中